Deep vein thrombosis otherwise known by the abbreviation DVT is a condition in which a blood clot forms in the deep veins of the body. The most common occurrence is in the legs.
What are Deep Vein Thrombosis Causes?
When the circulation of your blood is impaired or does not clot as it should a DVT can occur. Blood clots can be caused by a variety of factors. You may be at risk for DVT formation after any injury or surgery or during pregnancy. If you are overweight, smoke or have a previous history of DVT your risk is also increased. Lack of movement of your extremities such as sitting for a long plane or car trip or prolonged non- movement of the muscles as with paralysis or illnesses that confine you to bed rest can also increase your risk. Familiarize yourself with the risks, causes and symptoms of DVT and be alert to any sign you may have developed one for your own safety if you are in any of these situations.
What are Deep Vein Thrombosis Symptoms?
In about 50% of all cases of deep vein thrombosis there are no symptoms at all. When symptoms do occur they usually include:
- Pain or swelling in the affected limb. This can include the leg, ankle or foot if the DVT is in the leg; it can also include the arms or the neck if the clot has formed in your neck or arm.
- Redness over the area of the clot.
- Warmth of the skin in the affected area.
- If the clot is in your leg the pain will often begin in the calf area and feel much like a cramp or a charley horse.
If you have symptoms of a deep vein thrombosis you should see your physician immediately. Some deep vein thrombosis can become life threatening if not treated.
What are the Complications of Deep Vein Thrombosis?
The most life threatening complication of a DVT is that a pulmonary embolism may result. Symptoms of a pulmonary embolism include chest pain which can get worse when you attempt to take a deep breath, a sudden shortness of breath, a sense of nervousness, anxiety or impending doom, feeling dizzy or lightheaded and coughing up blood. These symptoms require immediate and emergent attention, go to the nearest emergency room or call an ambulance at once.
Another complication of DVT which is more common is that of post-phlebitic syndrome. It is also known as post-thrombotic syndrome. These symptoms result from the DVT and include swelling of your legs, pain in your legs and discoloration of the skin on the legs. It is caused by the damage the blood clot did to your veins which caused a reduction of blood flow to that area. This complication may not occur for months or even years following the presentation of the deep vein thrombosis. Your doctor should be made aware of any history you have of DVT for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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